The Court has repeatedly held that Directive 2003/88 defines the concept of ‘working time’, within the meaning of point (1) of Article 2 thereof, as any period during which the worker is working, at the employer’s disposal and carrying out his activity or duties in accordance with national laws and/or practice, and that that concept of ‘working time’ is to be understood as antonymous to the concept of ‘rest periods’, the two being mutually exclusive.
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