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Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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Rousseau

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“Man was born free, and he is everywhere in chains,” wrote French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in 1762.
”Manusia terlahir merdeka, namun di mana-mana, ia terbelenggu,” tulis filsuf Prancis, Jean-Jacques Rousseau pada tahun 1762.

It is closely associated with social contract philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Argumen lotere kelahiran telah dipakai oleh para filsuf seperti John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, dan Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

The first Constitution was a reflection of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's idea of national sovereignty.
Konstitusi pertama adalah refleksi dari gagasan Jean-Jacques Rousseau mengnai kedaulatan nasional.

Eighteenth-century French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that any sincere inquirer can receive a personal spiritual revelation from God.
Filsuf Prancis dari abad kedelapan belas, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, percaya bahwa orang yang benar-benar mencari tahu bisa mendapat penyingkapan rohani secara pribadi dari Allah.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke considered the idea to be an impossibility and a self-contradiction, but for different reasons.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau dan John Locke menganggap gagasan tersebut tak memungkinkan dan saling berseberangan, namun untuk alasan-alasan yang berbeda.

Earlier some critics and literary historians were denounced for suggesting that Russian classics had been influenced by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Molière, Lord Byron or Charles Dickens.
Sebelumnya, sejumlah kritikus dan sejarawan sastra dihukum karena mengemukakan pandangan bahwa sastra klasik Rusia dipengaruhi oleh karya-karya Jean-Jaques Rousseau, Moliere, Lord Byron maupun Charles Dickens.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, secular philosophers, such as the Englishmen Thomas Hobbes and John Locke and the Frenchman Jean-Jacques Rousseau, reflected on the idea of popular sovereignty.
Selama abad ke-17 dan ke-18, para filsuf duniawi, seperti Thomas Hobbes dan John Locke yang berkebangsaan Inggris dan Jean-Jacques Rousseau yang berkebangsaan Prancis, menganggap rendah gagasan kedaulatan rakyat.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was also influenced by the devastation following the earthquake, whose severity he believed was due to too many people living within the close quarters of the city.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau juga terpengaruh oleh kehancuran akibat gempa bumi, kekejamannya yang dipercayainya meliputi terlalu banyak orang yang hidup dekat dengan kota.

(Although Genevan philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau's influential book Émile convinced many mothers of the time to nurse their own children, sending babies to wet-nurses was still common among the middle and upper classes.)
(Meskipun filsuf Jenewa Jean-Jacques Rousseaumenulis di dalam buku Émile yang menyusui anak-anak mereka sendiri, mengirimkan bayi-bayi ke seorang inang masih banyak terjadi dikalangan menengah ke atas.)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau spent a few days in Marcoussis in 1750–1751 about which he speaks in the Confessions Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot had several stays at Marcoussis with his/her friend Dumax painter.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau menghabiskan beberapa hari di Marcoussis tahun 1750-1751 ketika berbicara di Gereja Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot memiliki beberapa kediaman di Marcoussis dengan temannya pelukis Dumax.

She studied philosophy, metaphysics, chemistry, history, and geography, though she was most passionate about literature, reading the works of authors including Pierre Loti, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Leo Tolstoy, Voltaire and Émile Zola while she was a teenager, and was also an admirer of the poets Semyon Nadson and Charles Baudelaire.
Ia belajar filsafat, metafisika, kimia, sejarah dan geografi, meskipun ia lebih menyukai kesusastraan, membaca karya-karya pengarang yang meliputi Pierre Loti, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Leo Tolstoy, Voltaire dan Émile Zola saat remaja.