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Vertalings in die woordeboek Engels - Indonesies

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Electrochemical capacitors (aka, supercapacitors or ultracapac-itors) are energy storage devices that combine the high energy storage capability of batteries with the high power delivery capa-bility of capacitors [1,2]. Electrochemical capacitors have been developed to provide power pulses for a wide range of applications including transportation, consumer electronics, medical electron-ics, and military devices. However, performance (energy and power densities, safety, and cycle life) of the state-of-the-art electrochem-ical capacitors is needed to improve to satisfy the rapidly increasing performance demands for these applications. The maximum energy (Emax ) and power (Pmax ) of an electrochemical capacitor are given by: Emax = (CU 2 )/2 (Eq. (1)) and Pmax = U 2 /(4R) (Eq. (2)), respec-tively (where C is capacitance, U is cell voltage, and R is total equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the capacitor) [2]. Limited properties of the presently available electrodes (low electrolyte accessibility and low capacitance) and electrolytes (narrow elec-trochemical window, flammability, toxicity, volatility, and thermal instability) are needed to overcome to develop high performance electrochemical capacitors with high energy and power densities, safe operation, and long lifetimes.