nonmetallic oor Kornies

nonmetallic

adjektief

(chemistry) of, relating to, or having the properties of a nonmetal

Vertalings in die woordeboek Engels - Kornies

anvetelek

divetelek

voorbeelde

Hydrogen is the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. Hydrogen is the lightest element. At standard conditions hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules having the formula H2. It is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all normal matter. Stars such as the Sun are mainly composed of hydrogen in the plasma state. Most of the hydrogen on Earth exists in molecular forms such as water and organic compounds. For the most common isotope of hydrogen (symbol 1H) each atom has one proton, one electron, and no neutrons. In the early universe, the formation of protons, the nuclei of hydrogen, occurred during the first second after the Big Bang. The emergence of neutral hydrogen atoms throughout the universe occurred about 370,000 years later during the recombination epoch, when the plasma had cooled enough for electrons to remain bound to protons. Hydrogen is nonmetallic, except at extremely high pressures, and readily forms a single covalent bond with most nonmetallic elements, forming compounds such as water and nearly all organic compounds. Hydrogen plays a particularly important role in acid–base reactions because these reactions usually involve the exchange of protons between soluble molecules. In ionic compounds, hydrogen can take the form of a negative charge (i.e., anion) where it is known as a hydride, or as a positively charged (i.e., cation) species denoted by the symbol H+. The H+ cation is simply a proton (symbol p) but its behavior in aqueous solutions and in ionic compounds involves screening of its electric charge by nearby polar molecules or anions. Because hydrogen is the only neutral atom for which the Schrödinger equation can be solved analytically, the study of its energetics and chemical bonding has played a key role in the development of quantum mechanics. Hydrogen gas was first artificially produced in the early 16th century by the reaction of acids on metals. In 1766–1781, Henry Cavendish was the first to recognize that hydrogen gas was a discrete substance, and that it produces water when burned, the property for which it was later named: in Greek, hydrogen means "water-former". Industrial production is mainly from steam reforming of natural gas, oil reforming, or coal gasification. A small percentage is also produced using more energy-intensive methods such as the electrolysis of water.
Elven gymyk yw hidrojen, niver onan y'n Vosen Beriodek. Y furvell gymyk yw H. An hanow a dheu dhyworth an geryow Greka hydro ha genes, ow styrya furvya dowr. Hidrojen veu an elven gynsa furvyes y'n Bomm Bras, an elven voyha pals y'n Ollvys yw, an elven gynsa y'n vosen beriodek, an elven hag a voos an Howl ha'n ster, ha'n gass moyha skav. Meur a rann hidrojen war an nor yw awos dowr ha trenkennow. Hidrojen yw 88% a atomow an Ollvys. Yn kres steren kepar ha'n Howl, an tempredh ughel (a-dro dhe 13 milvil gradh) ha dosedh ughel (200kg an liter) a wra kawsya dhe hidrojen 'leski', h.y. protons a omdedh dhe furvya nuklesennow heliom, ow livra myns efan a nerthedh ha dewynnyans. An Howl a chanj 600 milvil tunnas a hidrojen pub eylen dhe heliom. Ytho hidrojen yw keunys ster. Dowr a syns 65% a boos an korf denel. Elven essensek dhe vewnans yw hidrojen awos y vos rann a DNA. Yma edhomm dhe'n korf denel a-dro dhe 2.5 liter a dhowr pub dydh oll. Hanter hemma yw yn furv diwes ha'n hanter aral avel boos. Prov spektrum hidrojen Diskudhys veu hidrojen gans Henry Cavendish (1731-1810), onan a'n dus voyha golusek yn Pow Sows. Ev a gemyskas livyow horn ha trenken sulfurik. An gass hag a dheuth o purloskadow. Yn 1781 ev veu an kynsa dhe dhiskwedhes dowr bos furvys pan leskys veu hidrojen yn ayr. Awos hemma, henwys veu hidrojen gan an kymegydh Frynkek a vri, Antoine Lavoisier. Yma dhe hidrojen dhew isotop aral, deuteriom gans unn nywtron y'n nuklesen ha tritiom gans dew nywtron y'n nuklesen. Y hyllir usya tritiom dhe wul tanbellen 'hidrojen'. Usys o hidrojen dhe wul gorholyon ayr. Wosa droklamm an Hindenburg yn 1937, ny veu usys gorholyon ayr namoy. Askorrys yw moy es 30 milvil tunnas an vledhen dhyworth gass naturel. Usys yw dhe wul ammonya hag ena godeylyow. Y'n dedhyow ma, re kyttrinyow ha kerri a yll devnydhya hidrojen, hag y leverir y vos keunys rag an termyn a dheu. Y'n keth fordh, hidrojen a alsa bos an fordh dhe askorra tredan y'n termyn a dheu dre gesteudhans hidrojen. Nyns yw an deknologieth avonsys lowr hwath, mes martesen y fydh an ragdres ITER yn Pow Frynk kamm yn-rag. Gass diliw, anvlasus yw. Tardhadow yw kemyskans a hidrojen hag ayr.

The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the (chemical) elements, is a tabular display of the chemical elements. It is widely used in chemistry, physics, and other sciences, and is generally seen as an icon of chemistry. It is a graphic formulation of the periodic law, which states that the properties of the chemical elements exhibit a periodic dependence on their atomic numbers. The table is divided into four roughly rectangular areas called blocks. The rows of the table are called periods, and the columns are called groups. Elements from the same column group of the periodic table show similar chemical characteristics. Trends run through the periodic table, with nonmetallic character (keeping their own electrons) increasing from left to right across a period, and from down to up across a group, and metallic character (surrendering electrons to other atoms) increasing in the opposite direction. The underlying reason for these trends is electron configurations of atoms. The first periodic table to become generally accepted was that of the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869: he formulated the periodic law as a dependence of chemical properties on atomic mass. Because not all elements were then known, there were gaps in his periodic table, and Mendeleev successfully used the periodic law to predict properties of some of the missing elements. The periodic law was recognized as a fundamental discovery in the late 19th century, and it was explained with the discovery of the atomic number and pioneering work in quantum mechanics of the early 20th century that illuminated the internal structure of the atom. With Glenn T. Seaborg's 1945 discovery that the actinides were in fact f-block rather than d-block elements, a recognisably modern form of the table was reached. The periodic table and law are now a central and indispensable part of modern chemistry. The periodic table continues to evolve with the progress of science. In nature, only elements up to atomic number 94 exist; to go further, it was necessary to synthesise new elements in the laboratory. Today, all the first 118 elements are known, completing the first seven rows of the table, but chemical characterisation is still needed for the heaviest elements to confirm that their properties match their positions. It is not yet known how far the table will stretch beyond these seven rows and whether the patterns of the known part of the table will continue into this unknown region. Some scientific discussion also continues regarding whether some elements are correctly positioned in today's table. Many alternative representations of the periodic law exist, and there is some discussion as to whether or not there is an optimal form of the periodic table.
An Vosen Beriodek yw rol a elvennow kymyk. Y’n Vosen, settyes yw an elvennow yn aray aga niver atomek ow talleth gans niver onan, hidrojen. Niver atomek elven yw an keth tra ages an niver a brotonow yn nuklesen po sprusen an atom na. Y’n Vosen Beriodek renkys yw an elvennow yn periodow ha bagasow. Gelwys yw rew elvennow a-dreus dhe’n vosen period. Yma dhe bub period niver, a 1 dhe 8. Yma dhe Beriod 1 diw elven yn unnik: hidrojen ha heliom. Yma dhe Beriod 2 ha Period 3 eth elven. Hirra yw periodow erel. Yma dhe’n elvennow yn period niverow atomek yn eyl wosa y gila. Versyon savonek an Vosen Beriodek Gelwys yw koloven elvennow yn-nans mosen bagas. Yma 18 bagas y’n vosen beriodek savonek. Yma dhe bub bagas niver: a 1 dhe 18. Elvennow yn bagas a renk aga elektronow yn fordhow hevelep, herwydh an niver a elektronow talvos, hag a re taklow kymyk hevelep dhedha, h.y. i a omdheg yn fordhow hevelep. Rag ensampel, aswonnys yw bagas 18 avel gassys nobyl drefen aga bos gassys oll ha ny wrons kesunya gans atomow erel. Usys yw an vosen beriodek gans kymygydhyon dhe weles patronyow ha perthynyansow ynter elvennow. Yma tri chyf bagas y’n Vosen Beriodek; alkenyow, alkanoydow, ha dialkenyow. Rag ensampel, elvennow a-bell war askel gledh ha war woles an vosen yw an moyha metelyek, hag elvennow war an dheghow a-wartha yw an lyha metelyek. Yma lies patron ha perthynyans aral ynwedh. Devisys veu an vosen beriodek gans an kymygydh a Russi Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev (1834-1907). Dh’y enora, henwys veu elven 101 mendeleviom.

nonmetallic
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nonmetallic
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