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English

Extremely minor chemical changes such as the addition of a single methyl group to a binding partner can sometimes suffice to nearly eliminate binding; for example, the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase specific to the amino acid valine discriminates against the very similar side chain of the amino acid isoleucine .[28] Proteins can bind to other proteins as well as to small-molecule substrates.

Chinese

)非常微小的化学结构变化,如在结合位点的某一残基侧链上添加一个甲基 基团,有时就可以几乎完全破坏结合;例如,氨酰tRNA合成酶可以分辨侧链结构非常类似的纈氨酸 和异亮氨酸 ,而这两种氨基酸的差别就在于异亮氨酸的侧链多出一个甲基。