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English[en]
Brittany (/ˈbrɪtəni/; French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ; Breton: Breizh, pronounced [bʁɛjs] or [bʁɛx]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is a peninsula, historical country, and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Roman occupation. It became an independent kingdom and then a duchy before being united with the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province governed as a separate nation under the crown. Brittany has also been referred to as Little Britain (as opposed to Great Britain, with which it shares an etymology). It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, Normandy to the northeast, eastern Pays de la Loire to the southeast, the Bay of Biscay to the south, and the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Its land area is 34,023 km2 (13,136 sq mi). Brittany is the site of some of the world's oldest standing architecture, home to the Barnenez, the Tumulus Saint-Michel and others, which date to the early 5th millennium BC. Today, the historical province of Brittany is split among five French departments: Finistère in the west, Côtes-d'Armor in the north, Ille-et-Vilaine in the northeast, Morbihan in the south and Loire-Atlantique in the southeast. Loire-Atlantique now belongs to the Pays de la Loire region while the other four departments make up the Brittany region. At the 2010 census, the population of historic Brittany was estimated to be 4,475,295. In 2017, the largest metropolitan areas were Nantes (934,165 inhabitants), Rennes (733,320 inhabitants), and Brest (321,364 inhabitants). Brittany is the traditional homeland of the Breton people and is one of the six Celtic nations, retaining a distinct cultural identity that reflects its history. A nationalist movement seeks greater autonomy within the French Republic, or independence from it.
Cornish[kw]
Breten Vian (Frynkek: Bretagne; Bretonek: Breizh; Gallowek: Bertaèyn) yw pow keltek ystorek war gonna-tir an broastir europek ynter an Mor Bretannek ha Baya Biscay. A-dhia an Domhwelans Frynkek a 1789, ma Breten Vian ow kwil rann a'n Repoblek Frynkek. Hanow an pow in Kernowek a ell inwedh bos Lesow war-lergh Edward Lhuyd, neb a'y skrifas ev avell Lezou. Dyberthys yw hei lemmyn yntra dyw ranvro (régions) frynkek, Ranvro Breten Vian ha Ranvro Broyow an Liger. I'n kenja ranvro, ma pejar a'n pemp département an pow ystorek; an pempes (Liger-Atlantek) ujy in Broyow an Liger, warbarth gans départements dhyworth powyow erell (Poitou, Maine, ha Touraine). Lies ragadasow a'n Vretonyon a asas Breten Veur woja an Romanyon dhe omdenna in 410 OK. I'n 9ves kansblydhen, Nevenoioù (Frynkek: Nominoë) rug kesunya Breten Vian oll in ruwvaneth eudnyk. Ancredoryon mor a wannhas an ruwvaneth ma in dalleth an 10ves cansvledhen. An ruwvaneth rug kelly Naoned ha'n Liger isel in 909, pan veu Foulque d'Anjou Yurl Naoned. Breten Vian a veu dugeth sempel in-dann Alan an Lowarn (Alain Barbetorte), neb a rainyas a-dhia 936 bys in 952. Castell an dhugys, Naoned. Lies Bretonyon a omjunyas dhe dregh an Normanyon a Vreten Veur in 1066. Anjou ha'n Normanyon, ha woja hedna an Sowson ha Pow Frynk, o in strif dres termyn hir orth maistry war Vreten Vian. In 1203, Conteth Naoned a veu restoryes dhe Vreten Vian; Naoned a venja servya avell benncita an dhugeth dres termyn hir. Gallowek ha Frynkek a veu an chyf tavosow i'n dhugeth. Bresel an Eretons Bretonek yntra 1341 ha 1364 a enebas keffrysysy Pow Sows erbydn keffrysysy curun Pow Frynk. Les-serhek era an dhugys i'n termyn na. Erthygel leun a vanylyon: Dugeth Vreten Vyghan. Kevambos Unyans a dhywedhas anserhogeth Breten Vian in 1532, bes an pow era hwath omrewl a-jei dhe Bow Frynk bys 1789. Kerens an Sowson erbynn an Domwhelans Frenkak o an Chouanted. Théodore de La Villemarqué rug cuntelles ha dyllo canow Breten Vian Awartha, Barzaz Breiz, in 1839. An lever ma a veu geryes da in Frynk. Gweres dasserhy lien Bretonek ha studhyansow Keltek rugava. In 1978, an gorhel Amoco Cadiz ow toon olew dhyworth an Baya Persian tu ha Rotterdam, rug sedha i'n mor por ogas dhe Portsall in Penn an Bes. Th'era 1,604,500 balyer (219,797,000 kg) a olew war an gorhel. Hebm yw onen a'n drokka labmow ecolojyk in ystory.