Illiteracy, general socio-economic backwardness, slow progress in implementing land reforms and inadequate or inefficient finance and marketing services for farm produce.
This is because commodities index funds “bundle” (or combine) futures contracts for different types of commodities, ranging from farm produce to crude oil, minerals and metals.
Smallholder agriculture is the backbone of many countries’ economies: smallholder farms produce over half of the world’s food supply, and many families’ livelihoods depend on it.