Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a silvery-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic table. In some respects, zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions are of similar size. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The largest workable lodes are in Australia, Asia, and the United States. Zinc is refined by froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity (electrowinning). Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc in various proportions, was used as early as the third millennium BC in the Aegean area and the region which currently includes Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kalmykia, Turkmenistan and Georgia. In the second millennium BC it was used in the regions currently including West India, Uzbekistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq, and Israel. Zinc metal was not produced on a large scale until the 12th century in India, though it was known to the ancient Romans and Greeks. The mines of Rajasthan have given definite evidence of zinc production going back to the 6th century BC. To date, the oldest evidence of pure zinc comes from Zawar, in Rajasthan, as early as the 9th century AD when a distillation process was employed to make pure zinc. Alchemists burned zinc in air to form what they called "philosopher's wool" or "white snow".
Elven gymyk yw zynk, niver 30 y'n Vosen Beriodek. Y furvell gymyk yw Zn. An hanow a dheu dhyworth an ger Almaynek zink, martesen dhyworth an ger Persek sing, ow styrya men. Elven essensek yw zynk dhe enevales, tus ha plansow. Yma'n kreunyow moyha y'n korf yn lagasow, keher, lonethi hag avi, hag yn arbennik yn has. Yma dustini dell fowt zynk a wra kawsya niveryansow isel has yn tus. Alkan zynk a serr kroghen den, hag anella mog zynk pooth a hembronk dhe fume fever, payn briansen, pas ha hwesa. Dres an bledhynnyow usys o kesstoffow zynk yn medhygel, sulfat zynk avel emetyk, klorid zynk avel antiseptyk, oksid zynk dhe lettya gosa. Gwerthys yw lin kalamin (kemyskans a oksid zynk & oksid horn) dhe dhyghtya kudynnow kroghen avel klavor glyb (eczema), brygh lennow ha losk howl. Aswonnys veu zynk avel elven rag an kynsa prys gans Andreas Marggraf, kymygydh Almaynek, yn 1746. Kampollys veu monow hag a askorr an alkan brest gans Strabo (66 K.O.K. - 24 O.K.) ha Pliny an Kottha (23-79). Yn Bristol, Pow Sows, yth esa teudhji zynk owth oberi erbynn 1743, askorra a-dro dhe 200 tonnas an vledhen. Chif moon zynk yw zincblende po sfalerit. Kanada, Russi, Ostrali, an Statys Unys ha Perou yw an tyllerow moyha posek le may feu balweyth kowlwrys rag zynk. Askorrans ollvysel yw a-dro dhe 13 milvil tonnas an vledhen, mes 30% a edhom dhe'n Norvys a zynk a dheu dhyworth eylgylghyans. Galvanya horn yw devnydh dres 50% a alkan zynk, usys yn korfow kerri, gwiver dreynek, ponsow kregans ha lies devnydh aral. Usys yw alkan zynk yn batriow ha kesalkenyow avel brest (33% zynk ha 67% kober). Usys yw oksid zynk avel liw yn plastogow, afinusterow, paper hag ynk. Poos atomek zynk yw 65.39, y boynt teudhi yw 420°C ha'y boynt bryjyon yw 907°C. Y dhosedh yw 7.1kg an liter. Alkan glas-wynn yw zynk hag a dreyl liw yn ayr ha dasober gans trenkennow ha lisliwennow.langbot langbot