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Pergamum

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Pergamum

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Rasul Yohanes secara tradisional diyakini telah menahbiskan Antipas sebagai uskup Pergamum ketika Domitian menjadi Kaisar Romawi.
John the Apostle is traditionally believed to have ordained Antipas as bishop of Pergamon while Domitian was the Roman emperor.

Sebagai salah satu kota Romawi penting di provinsi Asia, Smirna bersaing dengan kota Efesus dan Pergamum untuk gelar "Kota Paling Utama di Asia."
As one of the principal cities of Roman Asia, Smyrna vied with Ephesus and Pergamum for the title "First City of Asia."

Perpustakaan Pergamum di Pergamum, Turki, adalah salah satu perpustakaan paling penting di dunia kuno.
The Library of Pergamum in Pergamum, Turkey, was one of the most important libraries in the ancient world.

Dalam banyak tradisi Kristen, Antipas dari Pergamum secara luas dianggap sebagai martir Antipas yang ditulis dalam Wahyu 2:13.
In many Christian traditions, Saint Antipas is widely believed to be the martyred Antipas written about in Revelation 2:13.

Altar yang dibaktikan kepada allah-allah yang tidak dikenal, ditemukan di Pergamum, Asia Kecil
Altar dedicated to anonymous gods, found at Pergamum, Asia Minor

Attalus II Philadelphus (bahasa Yunani: Ἄτταλος Β ὁ Φιλάδελφος, Attalos II Philadelphos, yang berarti "Attalus penyayang saudara"; 220-138 SM) adalah Raja Pergamum dan pendiri kota Turki modern Antalya.
Attalus II Philadelphus (Greek: Ἄτταλος Β ́ ὁ Φιλάδελφος, Attalos II Philadelphos, which means "Attalus the brother-loving"; 220–138 BC) was a King of Pergamon and the founder of modern-day Turkish city Antalya.

Pergamum
Pergamum

Tuduhan oleh negara-negara tetangga Makedonia, khususnya Pergamum, menyebabkan gangguan konstan dari Roma.
Accusations by Macedon's neighboring states, particularly Pergamon, led to constant interference from Rome.

Ekspansi pengaruh Makedonia ini menakutkan sejumlah negara tetangganya, termasuk Pergamum dan Rhodes.
This expansion of Macedonian influence created alarm in a number of neighbouring states, including Pergamum and Rhodes.

Ia memiliki seorang saudari, Antiochis, yang adalah ibunda Attalos I dari Pergamum.
She had one sister, Antiochis, who mothered Attalus I of Pergamon.

Dengan membagi Asia Kecil antara sekutu-sekutu mereka Rodos dan Pergamum, Roma memastikan bahwa negara itu tidak akan mampu untuk menjadi terlalu kuat di wilayah tersebut.
By dividing Asia Minor between their allies Rhodes and Pergamon the Romans made sure that neither state would be able to become too powerful in the region.

Dia kemudian menikahi Stratonice dari Pergamum, putri Ariarathes IV (Raja Kapadokia) dan istrinya Antiochis, kemudian mempunyai putra bernama Attalus III.
He then had married Stratonice of Pergamon, daughter of Ariarathes IV (King of Cappadocia) and his wife Antiochis, and their son was named Attalus III.

Roma membentuk Provinsi Asia pada tahun 129 SM dengan menggabungkan Ionia dan bekas wilayah Kerajaan Pergamum.
Rome established the province of Asia in 129 BC by combining Ionia and the former Kingdom of Pergamum.

Di Asia Kecil pula, Dinasti Seleukid tampaknya kehilangan kekuasaannya – bangsa Galia telah sepenuhnya memantapkan kekuasaannya di Galatia, kerajaan-kerajaan yang semi-independen semi-Helenis bermunculan di Bitinia, Pontus, dan Kapadosia, dan kota Pergamum di sebelah barat menyatakan kemerdekaannya di bawah Dinasti Attalid.
In Asia Minor too, the Seleucid dynasty seemed to be losing control: the Gauls had fully established themselves in Galatia, semi-independent semi-Hellenized kingdoms had sprung up in Bithynia, Pontus, and Cappadocia, and the city of Pergamum in the west was asserting its independence under the Attalid Dynasty.

Julianus dirawat oleh dokter pribadinya, Oribasius dari Pergamum, yang berjuang keras mengobati luka itu.
Julian was treated by his personal physician, Oribasius of Pergamum, who seems to have made every attempt to treat the wound.

Karena anda telah didera oleh Tuhan, beritakanlah kepada semua orang keagungan kekuasaan Allah - 2 Makabe 3:34}} Diyakini bahwa sekembalinya dari Yerusalem, ia membunuh raja dan merebut tahta untuk dirinya sendiri, tapi tidak lama kemudian Antiokhos IV Epiphanes, saudara laki-laki raja, dengan bantuan dari raja Pergamum, Eumenes II, merebut tahta itu kembali.
Since you have been scourged by God, proclaim to all men the majesty of God's power - 2 Maccabees 3:34 It is believed that on his return from Jerusalem, he killed the king and seized the throne for himself; but it was not long before Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the brother of the late king, with the help of the Pergamon monarch, Eumenes II, recovered it.

Hubungan Demetrios I Soter dengan Attalus II Philadelphus dari Pergamum (memerintah 159 - 138 SM), Ptolemaios VI dari Mesir (memerintah 163 - 145 SM) dan penguasa bersamanya, Kleopatra II dari Mesir, memburuk.
Demetrius I Soter's relations with Attalus II Philadelphus of Pergamon (reigned 159 - 138 BCE), Ptolemy VI of Egypt (reigned 163 - 145 BCE) and his co-ruler Cleopatra II of Egypt were deteriorating.

Perang melawan Nabis, atau Perang Lakonian, 195 SM adalah peperangan antara kota kenegaraan Yunani, Sparta, dan persatuan koalisi Roma, Liga Achaean, Pergamum, Rhodes, dan Masedon.
The War against Nabis, or the Laconian War, of 195 BC was fought between the Greek city-state of Sparta and a coalition composed of Rome, the Achaean League, Pergamum, Rhodes, and Macedon.

Beberapa sumber sejarah mengatakan bahwa ia membunuh Seleukos untuk mengambili alih tahta bagi dirinya sendiri, sebelum Antiokhos IV Epiphanes, saudara laki-laki mendiang raja, dengan bantuan dari raja Pergamum, Eumenes II, merebutnya kembali.
Some historical sources say that he assassinated Seleucus and seized the throne for himself, before Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the brother of the late king, with the help of the Pergamon monarch, Eumenes II, recovered it.

Ariarathes terbunuh pada tahun 130 SM dalam peperangan antara Romawi melawan Aristonicus dari Pergamum.
Ariarathes was killed in 130, during the war of the Romans against Aristonicus of Pergamon.

Pada tahun 154 SM, Ariarathes membantu raja Pergamum, Attalus II, dalam perang melawan Prusias II dari Bitinia, dan mengutus anaknya Demetrios untuk memimpin pasukannya.
In 154, Ariarathes assisted the king of Pergamon, Attalus II, in his war against Prusias II of Bithynia, and sent his son Demetrius in command of his forces.

Pasukannya kemudian menyerang Pergamum Pasukan Romawi mengalahkan orang Gaul di Cisalpine Gaul pada Pertempuran Cremona.
Roman forces defeat the Gauls of Cisalpine Gaul in the Battle of Cremona.

Semasa mudanya, Atalus, Raja Pergamum (abad kedua SM) mengenyam pendidikan di sekolah-sekolah di Athena, sebagaimana beberapa putra bangsawan dari keluarga kerajaan di kawasan Mediterania.
As a young man, Attalus, the King of Pergamum (second century B.C.E.), had studied in the schools of Athens, as had several other scions of royal families in the Mediterranean world.

Karena tidak memiliki ahli waris, Attalus III Philometer, raja terakhir dari dinasti Attalid di Pergamum, menyerahkan kerajaannya, termasuk kota Filadelfia, kepada sekutunya, Kerajaan Romawi, pada waktu Ia meninggal pada tahun 133 SM.
Lacking an heir, Attalus III Philometer, the last of the Attalid kings of Pergamum, bequeathed his kingdom, including Philadelphia, to his Roman allies when he died in 133 BC.

Eumenes II (Yunani: Εὐμένης Βʹ; memerintah 197-159 SM) bergelar Soter yang berarti "Penyelamat" adalah raja Pergamum, putra Attalus I Soter dan ratu Apollonis dan anggota dinasti Attalid dari Pergamum.
Eumenes II (/juːˈmɛniːz/; Greek: Εὐμένης Βʹ; ruled 197–159 BC) surnamed Soter meaning "Savior" was a ruler of Pergamon, and a son of Attalus I Soter and queen Apollonis and a member of the Attalid dynasty of Pergamon.