胆碱 oor Engels

胆碱

化学药品

Vertalings in die woordeboek Sjinees - Engels

choline

naamwoord

化学药品

chemicals

对有关孕期和胎儿大脑发育过程中补充胆碱或胆碱水平与疾病关系的文献进行综述。
Review available literature on the relationship of choline supplementation or choline levels during pregnancy and fetal brain development.

choline (amine related to vitamin B complex)

voorbeelde

根据脑部胆碱脂酶活性的抑制情况,无观测不良效应水平为2毫克/千克体重(农药残留会议,2007年)。
The NOAEL was stated to be 2 mg/kg bw on the basis of inhibition of cholinesterase activity in the brain (JMPR, 2007).

本发明涉及含硒化合物的胆碱盐及其制备方法和用途。
The present invention relates to a choline salt of a selenium-containing compound, and preparation method and use thereof.

剂量为0.1 mg/kg体重或更大时,出现典型的胆碱酯酶抑制症状及血浆和全血中胆碱酯酶活性的降低。
Doses of 0.1 mg/kg bw and above gave signs and symptoms typical of cholinesterase inhibition, as well as measured reductions in plasma and whole blood cholinesterase activity.

公开一种合成晶体分子筛SSZ-13的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括在结晶条件下使下列原料物质在水中进行接触:(1)至少一种四价硅源;(2)至少一种三价铝源;(3)至少一种碱金属化合物;(4)胆碱阳离子和/或SSZ-13晶种;(5)氢氧根离子。
Disclosed is a method for synthesizing a crystalline molecular sieve SSZ-13, characterized in that the method comprises bringing the following raw materials into contact in water under a crystallization condition: (1) at least one tetravalent silicon source, (2) at least one trivalent aluminium source, (3) at least one alkali metal compound, (4) choline cations and/or SSZ-13 seed crystals, and (5) hydroxide ions.

本发明的含硒化合物的胆碱盐具有良好的溶解性能特别是脂溶性。
The selenium-containing compound choline salt of the present invention has good solubility, especially liposolubility.

观察到全血胆碱酯酶活性严重下降,并在喷洒作业结束后一个月后继续下降。
Very severe reduction of whole blood cholinesterase activity was observed, and it was still reduced a month after the end of spraying.

最相关的毒理学终点是抑制了大脑或红细胞的胆碱酯酶活力。
The most relevant toxicological endpoint is the depression of cholinesterase activity in brain or erythrocyte.

传统的抗胆碱能药物或止泻药物 无任何疗效。
Conventional anti-cholinergic or antidiarrhetic drugs had no therapeutic effect.

本发明公开了式I所示的功能化氯化胆碱离子液体制备方法及其在电化学储能器件中的应用,作为电解质材料或添加剂应用于锂离子电池和超级电容器。 所述离子液体电解质材料有较好的生物相容性、阻燃性,具有高的离子电导率、低粘度和宽电化学窗口。
The ionic liquid electrolyte material has better biocompatibility and fire resistance, and has a high ionic conductivity, a low viscosity and a wide electrochemical window.

术前和术后电针均可延长避暗试验潜伏期, 减少错误次数, 而术前电针预处理可明显升高脑缺血再灌注所致异常降低的mAchR结合量, 从而改善中枢胆碱能系统功能, 改善学习记忆。
Electroacupuncture pretreatment can increase the content of mAchR induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury, to improve the ability of learning and memory.

急性参考剂量:0.01毫克/千克体重/天(欧盟 2005年);0.007毫克/千克体重的急性参考剂量的依据为红细胞胆碱酯酶抑制作用无观测效应水平(0.07毫克/千克体重),并使用10倍安全系数(澳大利亚农药和兽药管理局2012a)。
ARfD: 0.01 mg/kg bw/d (EU 2005); ARfD of 0.007 mg/kg bw based on the NOEL for red blood cell ChE inhibition (0.07 mg/kg bw) and applying a tenfold safety factor (APVMA 2012a).

这些疗法包括DA 治疗、 DA 激动剂、 单胺氧化酶-B 抑制剂、 儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶抑制剂、 抗谷氨酸药、 胆 碱能药物、 外科手术(深部大脑苍白球或丘脑术)和干细胞移植术等。 同时, 基于PD 病理过程, 对未来的药物神经保护作一展望。
Current therapies include dopaminergic therapy, DA agonists, MAO-B inhibitor, COMT inhibitors, anticholinergic drugs, surgical procedures such as pallidotomy and more specifically deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN), and stem cell transplantation.

-亲代和子代胆碱酯酶抑制
- Parental and pup cholinesterase inhibition

中剂量组和最高剂量组的雌性小鼠表现出与剂量相关的脑胆碱脂酶降低。
Females exhibited a dose related decrease in brain cholinesterase at the mid and top dose groups.

在最高剂量组(7.5 mg/人/日)中,血浆的胆碱酯酶活性平均降低15%,尽管有某些个体的酶活性降低率达50%。
At the highest dose level of 7.5 mg/person/d, plasma cholinesterase on average was depressed by 15%, although, in some individuals, this depression was 50%.

在纹状体神经元中, M4受体结合蛋白动态控制M4受体的活性, 从而在这些细胞中维持适当的胆碱传导信号通路的活性。
In striatal neurons where M4Rs are most abundantly expressed, M4RIPs dynamically control M4R activity to maintain a proper cholinergic tone in these neurons.

海马CA1 区内的胆碱能神经元和毒蕈碱受体参与了伤害性信息的处理, 并且起到了镇痛作用。
Cholinergic neurons and muscarinic receptors in the hippocampal CA1 area are involved in the processing of nociceptive information and they may play an analgesia role in pain modulation.

在胎儿大脑发育过程中,胆碱可以激活上述烟碱型受体。
Choline activates these nicotinic receptors during fetal brain development.

伊拉克还设法解释VX先质未决数量的问题,然而,所提议的确定 # 年单方销毁的“伊拉克胆碱”数量的方法同确定VX数量存在同样问题。
Iraq also made an effort to explain the outstanding quantities of precursors for VX. However, its proposal to quantify the amount of “Iraqi choline” unilaterally destroyed in # had the same problems as the quantification of VX

有些磷脂(如磷脂酰胆碱)在乙醇之中的溶解度较好,而大多数磷脂在乙醇之中并不能很好地溶解。
Some phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, have good solubility in ethanol, whereas most other phospholipids do not dissolve well in ethanol.

本发明的含硒化合物的胆碱盐结构如通式(I)所示,其中,x=0或1,n=2-x,y=3或4。
The structure of the selenium-containing compound choline salt of the present invention is as represented by formula (I), wherein x=0 or 1, n=2-x, and y=3 or 4.

关于倍硫磷对大鼠和家兔的发育的研究显示,仅在对母体无毒性剂量水平上无致畸作用和胎儿毒性;倍硫磷抑制母体而不是胎儿的脑胆碱酯酶活性(澳大利亚农药和兽药管理局2012a)。
Developmental studies with fenthion in rats and rabbits revealed no teratogenic effects and foetotoxicity only at maternotoxic levels; there was inhibition of maternal but not foetal brain ChE activity (APVMA 2012a).

由于具有毒性非常高的特点,甲胺磷是一种胆碱酯酶抑制剂。
Methamidophos is a cholinesterase inhibitor characterised by high acute toxicity.

在导致血浆、红血球和大脑胆碱酯酶活性显著抑制的剂量上,观察到的神经学效应是典型的急性胆碱酯酶抑制作用。
Neurological effects were typical of acute cholinesterase inhibition and were seen at doses that caused significant inhibition of plasma, erythrocyte and brain cholinesterase activity.

然而,若考虑到此NOEL值是根据极端情况(胆碱酯酶抑制作用)确定的,而且此项研究虽已多次进行,但是用于胆碱酯酶测定的分析方法不佳,有必要采用较大的安全因子(10)。
However, a higher Safety Factor of 10 was deemed necessary to take into account the fact that this NOEL is based on an acute end-point (cholinesterase inhibition), and that this study had been performed at times when analytical methods for cholinesterase determination were rather poor.