30 The referring court states that some German academic legal writers rely, for the purpose of advocating a broad interpretation of the scope of passive freedom to provide services, on paragraph 15 of the judgment in Case C-274/96 Bickel and Franz [1998] ECR I-7637, in which the Court held that passive freedom to provide services applies to all nationals of Member States who, independently of other freedoms guaranteed by European Union law, visit another Member State ‘where they intend or are likely to receive services’.
30 Den hänskjutande domstolen har i detta avseende påpekat att en del av den tyska doktrinen, i syfte att försvara en vid tolkning av tillämpningsområdet för friheten att motta tjänster, baserar sig på punkt 15 i dom av den 24 november 1998 i mål C‐274/96, Bickel och Franz (REG 1998, s.EurLex-2 EurLex-2